United States Department of Agriculture
Natural Resources Conservation Service
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Soil Under a Microscope - Slide 59

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Part II

In addition to the general characteristics, soils may have special features. Accumulation of clay, organic matter, or minerals give additional properties to the soil by which it is recognized. Secondary minerals -- minerals that crystallize or form in the soil -- indicate special micro-environments within the soil or specific processes that the soils have undergone. All these are used to interpret the use and behavior of soils.